Capital in the 21st century, Thomas Piketty
ÀÌ Ã¥Àº ¿À´Â 3¿ù Ãâ°£µÉ ¿¹Á¤ÀÌ´Ù. ÇÁ¶û½º Æĸ®°æÁ¦´ëÇÐ(Paris School of Economics) ±³¼ö Thomas Piketty´Â 18¼¼±âºÎÅÍ Áö±Ý¿¡ À̸£´Â ¹æ´ëÇÑ ºÐ·®ÀÇ °æÁ¦°ü·Ã ÀڷḦ ¼öÁý, ó¸®, ºÐ¼®ÇÏ°í, À̸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ¼Òµæ°ú ºÎÀÇ ºÒÆòµî°ú ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇÀÇ °ú°Å, ÇöÀç, ¹Ì·¡¿¡ ´ëÇØ ºÐ¼®, Æò°¡ ÈÄ ¿¹ÃøÇÏ°í, ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ´ë¾ÈÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
Ã¥Àº ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ 4ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù: Part 1. Income and capital (¼Òµæ°ú ÀÚº») Part 2. The dynamics of the capital/income ratio (ÀÚº»´ë¼ÒµæºñÀÇ ¿ªµ¿¼º) Part 3. The structure of inequalities (ºÒÆòµîÀÇ ±¸Á¶) Part 4. Regulating capital in the 21st century (21¼¼±â ÀÚº» ±ÔÁ¦(¹æ¾È))
±×¸®°í ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ °á·Ð ³»¸°´Ù: The history of income and wealth inequality is always political, chaotic and unpredictable; it involves national identities and sharp reversals; nobody can predict the reversals of the future (¼Òµæ°ú ºÎÀÇ ºÒ±ÕÇü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ª»ç´Â Á¤Ä¡ÀûÀÌ°í, ¹«Áú¼Çϸç, ¿¹ÃøÇϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù...) Marx: with g=0, ¥â¡è¡Ä, r¡æ0 : revolution, war (¸·½º¿¡ µû¸£¸é ¼ºÀåÀÌ ¸ØÃ߸é ÀÚº»´ë¼Òµæºñ°¡ ¹«ÇÑ´ë°¡µÇ¾î Æı¹ÀÌ ÀϾ٠) My conclusions are less apocalyptic: with g>0, at least we have a steady-state ¥â=s/g (¼ºÀåÀÌ Àֱ⸸ ÇÏ´Ù¸é ÀÚº»´ë¼Òµæºñ°¡ ¾ÈÁ¤µÉ °ÍÀÌ°í, ÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó Æı¹Àº ¸éÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í º»´Ù ) But with g>0 & small, this steady-state can be rather gloomy: it can involve a very large capital-income ratio ¥â and capital share ¥á, as well as extreme wealth concentration due to high r-g (±×·¡µµ ¼ºÀåÀÌ ³Ê¹« ÀÛÀ¸¸é ¹®Á¦´Ù) This has nothing to do with a market imperfection: the more perfect the capital market, the higher r-g (ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇüÁ¦ÇÏ¿¡¼´Â ½ÃÀåÀÌ ÀÌ»óÀûÀÏ ¼ö·Ï °á±¹ ºÎ´Â ÁýÁߵȴ٠) The ideal solution: progressive wealth tax at the global scale, based upon automatic exchange of bank information (Àü¼¼°èÀûÀ¸·Î ´©ÁøÀç»ê¼¼¸¦ µµÀÔÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù) Other solutions involve political & capital controls (China, Russia..) or perpetual population growth (US) or some mixture of all (Áß±¹ ·¯½Ã¾Æ °°ÀÌ Á¤ºÎ°¡ °³ÀÔÇϰųª, ¹Ì±¹°°ÀÌ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ Àα¸Áõ°¡°¡ ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ÀÌ´Â ¶Ç´Ù¸¥ ´ë¾ÈÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù)
Thomas PikettyÀÇ Ã¥ Ãâ°£ °ü·Ã °ÀÇÀڷḦ ÷ºÎ·Î ¿Ã·È´Ù.
|