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Technical Article On the probability of occurrence of extreme space weather events Pete Riley
³í¹®¿ä¾à By virtue of their rarity, extreme space weather events, such as the
Carrington event of 1859, are difficult to study, their rates of
occurrence are difficult to estimate, and prediction of a specific
future event is virtually impossible. Additionally, events may be
extreme relative to one parameter but normal relative to others. In this
study, we analyze several measures of the severity of space weather
events (flare intensity, coronal mass ejection speeds, Dst, and
>30 MeV proton fluences as inferred from nitrate records) to
estimate the probability of occurrence of extreme events. By showing
that the frequency of occurrence scales as an inverse power of the
severity of the event, and assuming that this relationship holds at
higher magnitudes, we are able to estimate the probability that an event
larger than some criteria will occur within a certain interval of time
in the future. For example, the probability of another Carrington event
(based on Dst < −850 nT) occurring within the next decade is
¡12%. We also identify and address several limitations with this
approach. In particular, we assume time stationarity, and thus, the
effects of long-term space climate change are not considered. While this
technique cannot be used to predict specific events, it may ultimately
be useful for probabilistic forecasting.
ÃÊ°£´Ü ¿ä¾à: 1859³âÀÇ Å¾çÀÚ±â ÆødzÀÌ, 10³â¾È¿¡ ¶Ç ¹ß»ýÇÒ È®·üÀº 12%¶õ´Ù.
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